COMPARATIVE HPLC-MS ANALYSIS OF PHENOLICS FROM ACHILLEA DISTANS AND ACHILLEA MILLEFOLIUM AND THEIR BIOACTIVITY

Daniela  BENEDEC; Iulia-Elena  POPICA; Ilioara Elena ONIGA; Daniela  HANGANU; Mihaela  DUMA; Radu  SILAGHI-DUMITRESCU; Cristina  BISCHIN; Laurian  VLASE

Authors

Daniela BENEDEC Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Email: dbenedec@umfcluj.ro. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8695-6123
Iulia-Elena POPICA Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Corresponding author: dbenedec@umfcluj.ro.
Ilioara Elena ONIGA Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Email: ioniga@umfcluj.ro. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7660-9993
Daniela HANGANU https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5407-8001
Mihaela DUMA State Veterinary Laboratory for Animal Health and Safety, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Corresponding author: dbenedec@umfcluj.ro. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4438-7425
Radu SILAGHI-DUMITRESCU Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca; Romanian Chemical Society, Romanian Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Society of Biological Inorganic Chemistry, Romania. Email: radu.silaghi@ubbcluj.ro. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3038-7747
Cristina BISCHIN Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Corresponding author: dbenedec@umfcluj.ro. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1288-8484
Laurian VLASE Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics; Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Email: laurian.vlase@umfcluj.ro. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0664-3387

Keywords:

Achillea, phenolics, HPLC-MS, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to characterize the polyphenolic composition of Achillea distans and Achillea millefolium and to evaluate their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The total polyphenolic content was determined spectrophotometrically. The phenolic compounds were identified and quantified by HPLC-MS. The extracts were screened for antioxidant activities using two in vitro assay models: DPPH radical scavenging assay and hemoglobin ascorbate peroxidase activity inhibition (HAPX) assay. A method based on electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) polyphenolic radicals’ detection was also described. The antimicrobial activity was determined using the disc diffusion method. For the species of Achillea, the phenolic profile showed the presence of two phenolic acid derivatives (chlorogenic and p-coumaric acids), four flavonoid glycosides (hyperoside, isoquercitrin, rutin and quercitrin) and four free flavonoids (quercetin, patuletin, luteolin and apigenin), in different concentrations. The evaluation of antioxidant activity indicated that A. millefolium extract has more antioxidant than A. distans, related with the polyphenolic total content. Both extracts showed activity against all tested bacterial species. These results suggest that the two native species of Achillea can be used as a potential source of polyphenolic compounds with bioactive properties for cosmetic and medicinal applications.

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