HOW IS AI SHAPING THE FUTURE OF WORK? EMPOWERING EMPLOYEES, NOT REPLACING THEM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.2478/subboec-2024-0011Keywords:
artificial intelligence (AI), empowerment, Human-AI Collaboration, job displacement concerns, workplace transformationAbstract
In the modern business world, AI is revolutionizing HR departments around the globe and is becoming an essential part of human resource management. In this paper we explore the role of AI in Human Resource Management and how it can help organizations to remain competitive and efficient, while improving employee empowerment and engagement. We conducted quantitative research involving employees and HR professionals from various sectors in Romania to explore their perceptions of AI implementation in the workplace. The data explores the extent to which AI chatbots can empower employees and improve their efficiency. Additionally, we analyze employees' perceptions regarding the possibility of being replaced by AI, offering insights into their concerns about job displacement alongside the opportunities AI presents for job enhancement. The research findings reveal a strong positive correlation between favorable perceptions of AI and increased empowerment, while concerns about job displacement negatively affect empowerment. The study’s conclusions have significant implications for HR professionals, who can use AI tools to maximize and enhance organizational performance. Moreover, to satisfy the demands of the workforce of the future, our research also emphasizes how important it is for HR experts to integrate technology advancements into their HR strategy.
JEL classification: O33; M12; M15; J24
References
Agrawal, A., Gans, J., & Goldfarb, A. (2017). What to expect from artificial intelligence. MIT Sloan Management Review, 58(3), 23-26
Arslan, A., Cooper, C., Khan, Z., Golgeci, I., Ali, I. (2022). Artificial intelligence and human workers interaction at team level: a conceptual assessment of the challenges and potential HRM strategies, International Journal of Manpower, 43 (1), 75-88
Bititci, U., Cocca, P., Ates, A. (2016). Impact of visual performance management systems on the performance management practices of organisations. International Journal of Production Research, 54(6), 1571–1593
Biswas, S., Bhatnagar, J. (2013), Mediator analysis of employee engagement: role of perceived organizational support, p-o fit, organizational commitment and job satisfaction. Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers, 38(1), 27-40
Brougham, D., Haar, J. (2020). Technological disruption and employment: The influence on job insecurity and turnover intentions: A multi-country study. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 161, 120276
Brynjolfsson, E., & McAfee, A. (2014). The Second Machine Age: Work, Progress, and Prosperity in a Time of Brilliant Technologies. W. W. Norton & Company
Budhwar, P., Malik, A., De Silva, M. T. T., Thevisuthan, P. (2022). Artificial intelligence – challenges and opportunities for international HRM: a review and research agenda. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 33(6), 1065–1097
Castellacci, F., & Viñas-Bardolet, C. (2019). Internet use and job satisfaction. Computers in Human Behavior, 90, 141–152
Chowdhury, S., Dey, P., Joel-Edgar, S., Bhattacharya, S., Rodriguez-Espindola, O., Abadie, A., & Truong, L. (2023). Unlocking the value of artificial intelligence in human resource management through AI capability framework. Human Resource Management Review, 33(1)
Davenport, T.H., Kirby, J. (2016), Winners and Losers in the Age of Smart Machines, MIT Sloan Management Review; Cambridge, 57( 3), 21-25
Hackman, J. R., & Oldham, G. R. (1976). Motivation through the design of work: Test of a theory. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 16(2), 250–279
Huang, M.-H., Rust, R., T. (2021), A Framework for Collaborative Artificial Intelligence in Marketing, Journal of Retailing, 98(2), 209-223
Huang, M. H., & Rust, R. T. (2018). Artificial intelligence in service. Journal of Service Research, 21(2), 155–172
Jung, H., S., Jung, Y., S., Yoon, H., H. (2021), COVID-19: The effects of job insecurity on the job engagement and turnover intent of deluxe hotel employees and the moderating role of generational characteristics, International Journal of Hospitality Management, Volume 92
Kaur, M. and Gandolfi, F. (2023), Artificial Intelligence in Human Resource Management - Challenges and Future Research Recommendations, Review of International Comparative Management, Volume 24, Issue 3
Khan, A. I., Shahzad, F., & Afzal, M. K. (2020). Role of AI and big data analytics in human resource management. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 6(2)
Kumar, N., Liu, Z., Jin, Y. (2022), Evaluation of Employee Empowerment on Taking Charge Behaviour: An Application of Perceived Organizational Support as a Moderator, Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 15, 1055-1066
Li, J. J., Bonn, M. A., & Ye, B. H. (2019). Hotel employee’s artificial intelligence and robotics awareness and its impact on turnover intention: The moderating roles of perceived organisational support and competitive psychological climate. Tourism Management, 73, 172–181
Makridis, and Han Hun, (2021), Future of work and employee empowerment and satisfaction: Evidence from a decade of technological change, Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 173
Malik, A., Srikanth, N. R., Budhwar, P. (2020). Digitisation, artificial intelligence (AI) and HRM. In J. Crawshaw, P. Budhwar, & A Davis (Eds.), Human resource management: Strategic and international perspectives (pp. 88–111), Sage
Molino, M., Cortese, C. G., & Ghislieri, C. (2020). The promotion of technology acceptance and work engagement in industry 4.0: from personal resources to information and training, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(7), 2438
Nawaz, N., & Gomes, A. M. (2019). Artificial Intelligence Chatbots are New Recruiters, International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, Vol. 10, No. 9
Nguyen, T. M., & Malik, A. (2022). ‘Impact of knowledge sharing on employees’ service quality: The moderating role of artificial intelligence. International Marketing Review, ahead-of-print
Pan, Y., Froese, F., Liu, N., Hu, Y., & Ye, M. (2022). The adoption of artificial intelligence in employee recruitment: The influence of contextual factors. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 33(6), 1125-1147
Prentice, C., & Nguyen, M. (2020). Engaging and retaining customers with AI and employee service. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 56, 102186
Rane, N., Choudhary, S. P., Rane, J. (2024). Acceptance of artificial intelligence: key factors, challenges, and implementation strategies. Journal of Applied Artificial Intelligence, 5(2), pp. 50–70
Sakka, F., El Maknouzi, M. E. H., & Sadok, H. (2022). Human Resource Management in The Era of Artificial Intelligence: Future HR Work Practices, Anticipated Skill Set, Financial and Legal Implications. Academy of Strategic Management Journal, 21, 1-14
Seibert, S.E., Wang, G., Courtright, S.H, 2011. Antecedents and consequences of psychological and team empowerment in organizations: a meta-analytic review. J. Appl. Psychol. 96 (5), 981–1003
Tarafdar, M., Beath, C. M., & Ross, J. W. (2019). Using AI to enhance business operations. MIT Sloan Management Review, 60(4), 37–44
Zhang, X., Bartol, K.M, 2010. Linking empowering leadership and employee creativity: the influence of psychological empowerment, intrinsic motivation, and creative process engagement. Acad. Manag. J. 53 (1), 107–128
Wirtz, J. (2019). Organisational ambidexterity: Cost-effective service excellence, servrobots, and artificial intelligence. Organizational Dynamics, 49(3), 1–9.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Oeconomica
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
