MOOMIN, COTTAGECORE, AND THE RETURN TO PEACEFUL LIVING: A CULTURAL DIPLOMACY CASE STUDY OF FINLAND AND JAPAN

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24193/subbeuropaea.2025.2.02

Keywords:

Moomin, Cultural Diplomacy, Japan, Finland, Cottagecore

Abstract

From their origins as a children’s book series by Tove Jansson, the Moomins were turned into Finnish national identity symbols and literary exponents of soft power. Their popularity in Japan, particularly through early TV adaptations and merchandise, offers a case study in how cultural exports can forge transnational links. The study highlights how the Moomins’ aesthetic and values resonate with Japan’s cultural sensibilities and Finland’s nation branding as a peaceful, nature-oriented nation. The study also addresses the recent re-popularization of the characters and their tales within the “cottagecore” phenomenon, bridging nostalgia and modern soft power agendas.

References

1. Ahmed, Sara (2004), “Affective Economies.” Social Text, 79, vol. 22, no. 2, 2004, pp. 117-139, [https://doi.org/10.1215/01642472-22-2_79-117].

2. Akagawa, Natsuko (2014), Heritage Conservation and Japan's Cultural Diplomacy: Heritage, National Identity and National Interest. London: Routledge.

3. Amey, Evgenia (2023), “The distant snowy land where rounded creatures dwell: Experiencing Moomin-related nostalgia and belonging in Finland”. Matkailututkimus, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 6-31, [https://doi.org/10.33351/mt.124944].

4. Bosworth, Mark (2014), “Tove Jansson: Love, War and the Moomins”, BBC News, Published 13 March 2014, [https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-26529309], Accessed 9 April 2025.

5. Brand, Leah (2021), “Crafting Cottagecore : Digital Pastoralism and the Production of an Escapist Fantasy.” The Coalition of Master’s Scholars on Material Culture, [https://cmsmc.org/publications/crafting-cottagecore].

6. Büsken, Louisa (2024), “Seeking Refuge in Nature: Escapism and the Contemporary Pastoral Impulse in Cottagecore.”, Aspeers, vol. 17, pp. 9-24, [https://www.aspeers.com/2024/buesken].

7. Clerc, Louis (2023), Cultural Diplomacy in Cold War Finland: Identity, Geopolitics and the Welfare State. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

8. Hanna Dymel-Trzebiatowska, (2022), “Moomins Take the Floor. Finnish Trolls in Contemporary Mass Social (Media) Events.” Children's Literature in Education, vol. 55, 2022, pp. 313 - 324, [https://doi.org/10.1007/s10583-022-09497-6].

9. Jansson, Tove (1990), “Moomin (TV Series)”, Directed by H. Saitô and M. Kojima, Japan: Telescreen Japan.

10. Jansson, Tove (2014), Sculptor's Daughter: A Childhood Memoir. Translated by Kingsley Hart, New York: William Morrow Paperbacks.

11. Jansson, Tove (2019), “Moominvalley (TV Series)”, Directed by Steve Box, Gutsy Animations, 2019.

12. Kathman, Henry (2023), “The Complete Amateur's Guide to Moomin.”, Youtube, Published June 26, 2023.

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FRCzmBd5psI&t=29s], Accessed: 20 April 2025.

13. Ipatti, Laura (2018), “At The Roots of the <>: The Implementation of Finnish Image Policy in Japan in the 1960s”, Scandinavian Journal of History, vol 44, no. 1, pp. 103–130. [https://doi.org/10.1080/03468755.2018.1502680].

14. Lamppu, Eva (2009), “Big in Japan, but Could America Love Moomin?”, Reuters, Published 6 October 2009,

[https://www.reuters.com/article/lifestyle/big-in-japan-but-could-america-love-moomin-idUSTRE59501Z/], Accessed: 25 March 2025.

15. Moomin (2023), “Moomin Shops Around the World”, Moomin.com, Published 26 April 2023, [https://www.moomin.com/en/blog/moomin-shops-around-the-world/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#e3c40107], Accessed 28 March 2025.

16. Moomin (2023), “Mamma will know what to do – How Moomin books comfort us in times of crises, part 1.”, Moomin.com, Published 27 October 2023 [https://www.moomin.com/en/blog/moomin-books-comfort-1/], Accessed 10 April 2025.

17. Moomin (2023), “Dance in the face of the Comet – How Moomin books comfort us in times of crises, part 2.”, Moomin.com, Published 3 November 2023, [https://www.moomin.com/en/blog/moomin-books-comfort-2/], Accessed 11 April 2025.E

18. Moomin (2024), “Moomin in Japan: From Past to Present”, Moomin.com, Published 8 March 2024, [https://www.moomin.com/en/blog/moomin-in-japan/#e3c40107], Accessed: 27 March 2025.

19. “#moomincore”, Tumblr.com, [https://www.tumblr.com/tagged/moomincore], Accessed: 13 March 2025.

20. Noralities (2020), “The Moomins Nostalgia”, Youtube, Published 26 May 2020. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=StPPKdqNbig&t=1s].

21. Otmazgin, Nissim Kadosh (2012), “Geopolitics and Soft Power: Japan’s Cultural Policy and Cultural Diplomacy in Asia”, Asia-Pacific Review, vol. 19, no. 1, pp: 37–61. [https://doi.org/10.1080/13439006.2012.678629].

22. Sierpień, Kamila; Tucki, Andrzej (2024), “Cottagecore as an idealisation of rural life and a new dimension of tourist activity for Generation Z in rural areas”, Geographical Studies, vol. 174, pp. 169-184.

23. Simaeva, Irina N.; Budarina, Anna O (2021), “Self-preservation attitudes of youth and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic”, Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture, vol. 13, 2021, no. 4, pp. 75-98.

24. Slone, Isabel (2020), “Escape Into Cottagecore: Calming Ethos for Our Febrile Moment”, The New York Times, Published 10 March 2020 [https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/10/style/cottagecore.html], Accessed 19 March 2025.

25. @tatamigal (2021), “Thanks Yoko wherever you are it’s mine now”, TikTok.com, Published 18 October 2021,

[https://www.tiktok.com/@tatamigal/video/7020428047660715270?_t=ZN-8vkpeWmYH1G&_r=1].

26. Tienari, Janne; Savage Paul (2024), “Leadership and Humor, the Moomin Way” Discourses on Culture, vol. 22, no. 1, 2024, pp. 15-39.

[https://doi.org/10.2478/doc-2024-0008].

27. Tienari, Janne; Savage Paul (2024), Moomin Management: Redefining Generosity, Bristol: Bristol University Press, 2024.

28. Tirkkonen, Sanna K. (2019), “Feelings of Loneliness in Tove Jansson's Novel Moominpappa at Sea”. Psykoterapia, vol. 3, 2019.

29. Yule, Eleanor (2012), “Moominland Tales: The Life of Tove Jansson”, BBC, Published 17 December 2012,

[https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p012qj0l].

Downloads

Published

2025-12-16

How to Cite

CALOIANU, A.-F., & CIOATĂ, A.-E. (2025). MOOMIN, COTTAGECORE, AND THE RETURN TO PEACEFUL LIVING: A CULTURAL DIPLOMACY CASE STUDY OF FINLAND AND JAPAN. Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Studia Europaea, 70(2), 17–33. https://doi.org/10.24193/subbeuropaea.2025.2.02

Issue

Section

Articles

Similar Articles

<< < 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.