Our Heritage: Hungarian Protestant Antiphons
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24193/subbmusica.2024.1.19Keywords:
antiphon, Hungarian Protestant Gradual-books, medieval Hungarian tradition, Esztergom/Strigonium riteAbstract
During the Middle Ages, the seemingly diverse liturgical practices across Europe were actually rooted in stable centers with long-standing traditions, with the Hungarian archbishopric center, Esztergom, notably contributing its own variant known as the Esztergom rite. This regional custom became the basis of liturgical practice in all of Hungary until it was replaced by the official Roman liturgy in 1630. The Esztergom rite, characterized by a blend of European and Hungarian traditions, influenced Hungarian Protestantism, leading to the development of vernacular plainchant, particularly flourishing from the mid-16th century onward. This resulted in a unique repertoire of Protestant vernacular chant, primarily found in gradual books. Research confirms that the majority of Hungarian Protestant graduals were not influenced by foreign models, but can be traced back to local medieval traditions, especially those of Esztergom.
References
Bárdos, Kornél–Csomasz Tóth, Kálmán. „Az Eperjesi Graduál, I. Gregorián kapcsolatok, II. Kórusok és népénekdallamok” (The Eperjes gradual, 1. Connections with Gregorian chant, II. Choral works and sacred folksongs). Zenetudományi Tanulmányok VI, Budapest 1957, pp. 165–198., 199–264.
Botta, István: Huszár Gál élete, művei és kora (1512?–1575). (The life works and time of Gál Huszár). Akadémiai Kiadó Budapest, 1991.
CAO-ECE: Corpus Antiphonalium Officii – Ecclesiarum Centralis Europae: A Preliminary Report. Ed. László Dobszay and Gábor Prószéky, Budapest, 1988.
Corpus Antiphonalium Officii Vol. III. Invitatoria et antiphonae. Editum a Renato-Joanne Hesbert, Roma, 1968.
Csomasz-Tóth, Kálmán. „Graduálok” (Graduals). Entry in: Brockhaus-Riemann Lexicon of Music. Ed. by Carl Dahlhaus and Hans Heinrich Eggebrecht. Hungarian ed. by Antal Boronkay, Vol. II, Budapest, 1984, pp. 62-63.
Dobszay, László. Corpus Antiphonarum. Európai örökség és hazai alakítás (Corpus Antiphonarum. European heritage and Its Hungarian Formulation). Budapest, Balassi Kiadó, 2003.
Dobszay, László. „A magyar graduál-irodalom első emléke” (The first record of the Hungarian Gradual-literature), Magyar Könyvszemle, 98, 1982. pp. 100–112.
Dobszay, László. A gregorián ének kézikönyve (Handbook of the Gregorian chant). Editio Musica, Budapest, 1993.
Dobszay, László. Az antifóna (The antiphon). Ed. by the Department for Church Music of the Ferenc Liszt Academy of Music and the Hungarian Church Music Society, 1995.
Dobszay, László. „The System of the Hungarian Plainchant Sources”. Studia Musicologica 27, 1985, pp. 37–65.
Dobszay, László. „A gregoriánum és a magyarság” (The Gregorian and the Hungarians), Magyar Egyházzene 3, 1995/1996, pp. 393–404.
Dobszay, László. „A Breviarium Strigoniense jellegzetes pontjai” (The characteristic points of the Breviarium Strigoniense), Ars Hungarica, XVII/1, 1989, pp. 37-40.
Dobszay, László. „Antiphon variants and Chant Transmission”. Studia Musicologica 45, 2004, pp. 67–93.
Dobszay, László. The Esztergom rite. Budapest, Új Ember, without year.
Dobszay, László – Janka, Szendrei (ed). Antiphonen (Antiphons). Monumenta Monodica Medii Aevi Band V, Bärenreiter Kassel etc., 1999.
Falvy, Zoltán - Mezey, László (ed.). Codex Albensis. Monumenta Hungariae Musica I., Akadémiai Kiadó Budapest, 1963.
Ferenczi, Ilona. „Az Eperjesi Graduál antifónáinak dallam- és szövegforrásai” (Melody and text sources of the antiphons in the Eperjes gradual), Magyar Zene, 1982, pp. 49–69.
Ferenczi, Ilona. „Magyar nyelvű gregorián a 16-17. században” (Hungarian-language Gregorian chant in the 16th-17th centuries), Zenetudományi Dolgozatok, 1985, pp. 61–71.
Ferenczi, Ilona (ed.). Graduale Ecclesiae Hungaricae Epperiensis 1635. Musicalia Danubiana 9*–9**, Budapest, 1988. Graduale Ecclesiae Hungaricae Epperiensis 1635.
Ferenczi, Ilona. „Das Psalterium Strigoniense (1515) als eine Quelle der ungarischsprachigen Graduale” (The Psalterium Strigoniense (1515) as a source of the Hungarian-language Graduale), Cantus Planus 1990, Budapest 1992, pp. 579–585.
Ferenczi, Ilona (ed.). Graduale Ráday XVII. Musicalia Danubiana 16, Budapest, 1997.
Ferenczi, Ilona. A bölcsesség kezdete az Úr félelme: Magyar nyelvű antifónák 16-17. századi kéziratokban és nyomtatványokban, énekeskönyvekben és graduálokban (The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom: Antiphons in Hungarian in manuscripts and printed works, hymnbooks and graduals of the 16th and 17th centuries). Musicology Institute, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, 2021.
Huglo, Michel-Halmo, Johann: “Antiphon”, Entry in The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2001, I, pp. 735–748.
Huszár, Gál. A keresztyéni gyülekezetbenvaló isteni dicséretek, Kálmáncsehi Márton: Reggeli éneklések 1560-1561 (Huszár, Gál: Divine praises for the Christian congregation. Kálmáncsehi, Márton: Morning services 1560-1561). Study by Gedeon Borsa, Bibliotheca Hungarica Antiqua 12, Budapest, 1983.
Huszár, Gál. A keresztyéni gyülekezetbenvaló isteni dicséretek és imádságok, Komjáti 1574 (Huszár, Gál: Divine praises and prayers for the Christian congregation, Komjáti 1574). Study by Gabriella Hubert, Bibliotheca Hungarica Antiqua 13, Budapest, 1986.
Nowacki, Edward. “Antiphon”, Entry in Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart 2., neue Ausgabe, Sachteil Bd. I. Bärenreiter 1994–1999. Sp. pp. 636–660.
Papp, Anette. A graduál-antifónák középkori kapcsolatai (The medieval relations of the graduale antiphons). Church Music Booklets I/11, Published by the Department of Church Music of the Liszt Ferenc Academy of Music and the Hungarian Church Music Society, Budapest, 2001.
Papp, Anette. Thesaurus Gradualium. I. Protestáns graduál-antifonák (Protestant gradual antiphons). Church Music Notes II/11, MTA-TKI - Liszt Ferenc University of Music and Performing Arts, Church Music Research Group and the Hungarian Church Music Society, Budapest, 2010.
Papp, Anette. „Az MSU 1042 jelzetű forrás antifóna anyaga” (The antiphonal material of the source MSU 1042), Keresztény Magvető 2017/2–3, Vol. 123, pp. 177-200.
Papp, Anette. „Adalékok az Öreg Graduál antifónáinak kapcsolataihoz” (Additions to the connections between the antiphons of the Öreg Gradual), Református Szemle CIV, 2011/4, pp. 397-410.
Protestáns graduál. Szemelvények a 16-17. századi protestáns graduálok anyagából istentiszteleti és oktatási célra (The Protestant gradual. A selection from 16th—17th century Protestant graduals for use in services and instruction). Compiled by Ilona Ferenczi and László Dobszay with assistance of Tamás Bódiss and Zoltán Farkas, Budapest, 1996.
Rajeczky, Benjamin. „Adatok a magyar gregoriánumhoz” (Contribution to the Hungarian Gregorian chant), ZenetudományiTanulmányok I, Budapest, 1953, pp. 279-286. Reprinted in the volume Rajeczky Benjamin írásai (Writings of Benjamin Rajeczky), Budapest, 1976, pp. 33-39.
Stäblein, Bruno. “Antiphon”, Entry in Friedrich Blume (ed) Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart: Allgemeine Enzyklopädie der Musik I, Kassel, Bärenreiter, 1946, pp. 523–545.
Szendrei, Janka. A magyar középkor hangjegyes forrásai (Hungarian sources with musical notation in the Middle Ages). Műhelytanulmányok a Magyar Zenetörténethez 1, Budapest, 1981.
Szoliva, Gábriel (ed). Psalterium Strigoniense Venetiis 1523 cum notis musicis manuscriptis (Psalterium Nicolai Olahi). Musicalia Danubiana 25, Budapest, MTA BTK ZTI, 2015.
Újfalvi, Imre. Keresztyéni énekek, Debrecen, 1602 (Christian hymns. Debrecen, 1602). The text of the facsimile is published by Péter Kőszeghy, Bibliotheca Hungarica Antiqua 38 (ed. Kőszeghy, Péter), Budapest, Balassi Kiadó, 2004.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Musica
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
