Benjamin Fondane et Walter Benjamin : deux approches du cinéma nourries de Dada

Authors

  • Ioan POP-CURŞEU Faculty of Theatre and Television, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, e-mail: ioancurseu@yahoo.com

Keywords:

Benjamin Fondane, Walter Benjamin, Dadaism, cinema, avant-garde.

Abstract

Benjamin Fondane and Walter Benjamin: Two Approaches of Cinema Born from Dada. This paper aims at comparing two different approaches of cinema inspired by the artistic experiences of Dadaism. Benjamin Fondane, besides promoting internationally the films of European avant-garde movements (Man Ray, René Clair, Henri Gad, Germaine Dulac), wrote some critical texts and some poems (Trois scenarii. Ciné-poèmes, 1928) shaped on Dadaist patterns. Fondane also directed Tararira (1936) – a lost movie, which is considered here the last great project of Dadaist cinema. As for Walter Benjamin, in his seminal essay, The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction (1936), he states that “Dadaism attempted to create by pictorial – and literary – means the effects which the public today seeks in the film.”, and he investigates the link between Dada and cinema under the sign of shock. In Walter Benjamin’s essay, there are many ideas anticipated by Fondane: all of these are analyzed here.

Author Biography

Ioan POP-CURŞEU, Faculty of Theatre and Television, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, e-mail: ioancurseu@yahoo.com

IOAN POP-CURŞEU (b. 4.02.1978, Ocna-Mureş) is Assistant Professor at the Faculty of Theatre and Television, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca. He has defended his first Ph.D. at the University of Geneva in 2007 (De l’homme hyperbolique au texte impossible: théâtralité, theatre(s), ébauches de pièces chez Baudelaire), and the second at the Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca in 2011 (Magic and Witchcraft in Romanian Culture). In 2015, he defended his habilitation dissertation at Babeş-Bolyai University. His research interests are concerned with film aesthetics, art criticism and image theory, nineteenth-century literature and culture, as well as anthropological aspects of magic and witchcraft. He is the author of several books: Nu ştie stânga ce face dreapta. Două eseuri despre şovăielile gândirii critice (2004), Baudelaire, la plural (2008), Vasile Bologa (1859-1944), studiu monografic (2010), Magie şi vrăjitorie în cultura română. Istorie, literatură, mentalităţi (2013), Manual de estetică (2014). He wrote dozens of articles on various themes, writers and films…

References

Benjamin Fondane, poète, essayiste, cinéaste et philosophe. Roumanie, Paris, Auschwitz 1898-1944 [catalogue d’exposition], Paris, octobre 2009-janvier 2010, Non Lieu, Mémorial de la Shoah, pp. 63-71.

BENJAMIN Walter, Essais sur Bertolt Brecht, Paris, Maspero, 1969.

BENJAMIN Walter, L’œuvre d’art à l’ère de sa reproductibilité technique, in Œuvres II. Poésie et révolution, traduit de l’allemand et préfacé par Maurice de Gandillac, Paris, Denoël, 1971.

BENJAMIN Walter, Opera de artă în epoca reproductibilităţii sale tehnice, Édition critique de Burkhardt Linder, en collaboration avec Simon Broll et Jessica Nitsche, Trad. de l’allemand en roumain Christian Ferencz-Flatz, Cluj-Napoca, Tact, 2015.

BRUCE ELDER R., « Hans Richter and Viking Eggeling: The Dream of Universal Language and the Birth of Absolute Film », in Avant-Garde Film, Edited by Alexander Graf and Dietrich Scheunemann, Amsterdam-New York, Rodopi, 2007, pp. 3-53.

BRUCE ELDER R., Film and Avant-garde Art Movements in the Early Twentieth Century, Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 2008.

BUOT François, Tristan Tzara. L’homme qui inventa la révolution Dada, Paris, Grasset, 2002.

Cahiers Benjamin Fondane, n° 3, Automne 1999, pp. 5-48 [section spécialement consacrée aux activités de Fondane dans le cinéma].

CHÉROUX Clément, « Tzara, fil rouge du photogramme à travers l’Europe », in Tristan Tzara, l’homme approximatif. Poète, écrivain d’art, collectionneur, Musées de la ville de Strasbourg, 2015, pp. 243-257.

DUMA Dana, Benjamin Fondane cineast, Bucureşti, Artprint, 2010.

FONDANE Benjamin, « Signification de Dada », in Petre Răileanu, Michel Carassou, Fundoianu/ Fondane et l’avant-garde, Bucarest, Fondation Culturelle Roumaine, Paris, Paris-Méditerrannée, 1999, pp. 76-82.

FONDANE Benjamin, Écrits pour le cinéma. Le Muet et le parlant, édité par Michel Carassou, Olivier Salazar-Ferrer et Ramona Fotiade, Paris, Non-lieu/Verdier, 2007.

HAGENER Malte, Moving Forward, Looking Back. The European Avant-garde and the Invention of Film Culture, 1919-1939, Amsterdam University Press, 2007.

HOFFMANN Justin, « Hans Richter, Munich Dada and the Munich Republic of the Workers’ Council », in Stephen C. Foster (éditeur), Hans Richter : activism, modernism, and the avant-garde, MIT Press, 1998, pp. 48-71.

KUENZLI Rudolf E., « Man Ray’s Films: From Dada to Surrealism », in Avant-Garde Film, Edited by Alexander Graf and Dietrich Scheunemann, Amsterdam-New York, Rodopi, 2007, pp. 93-104.

KUHNLE Till R., « “Le royaume du cinéma n’est pas encore de ce monde!ˮ Réflexions sur un art industriel », in Dorin Ştefănescu (éd.), Benjamin Fondane ou l’épreuve du paradoxe. Pour une herméneutique existentielle, Cluj-Napoca, Eikon, 2010, pp. 191-209.

LÖWY Michael, « Walter Benjamin et le surréalisme. Les noces chimiques de deux matérialismes », Anthropology & Materialism [Online], 1/ 2013, Online since 30 October 2014, connection on 21 November 2015. URL: http://am.revues.org/123

POP-CURŞEU Ioan, « La critique marxiste du cinéma dans les années ’30. Brecht, Benjamin, Fondane : iconoclasme ou iconophobie ? », in Ekphrasis. Images, Cinema, Theatre, Media, issue 2/2010, pp. 64-76.

ROSS Alison, Walter Benjamin’s Concept of the Image, New York & London, Routledge, 2015.

SALAZAR-FERRER Olivier, Benjamin Fondane, Paris, Oxus, col. « Les Roumains de Paris », 2004, pp. 47-58, 135-141.

SALAZAR-FERRER Olivier, « Tararira de Benjamin Fondane et l’héritage subversif du dadaïsme », Chapter 14, in Dada and Beyond, Vol. 2, Dada and Its Legacies, Edited by Elza Aadamowicz & Eric Robertson, Amsterdam-New York, Rodopi, 2012, pp. 227-243.

STEGEREAN Călin, « With the Avant-garde to the Cinema », in Caietele Echinox, vol. 29, 2015, Utopia, Dystopia, Film, pp. 65-75.

VIRMAUX Alain, « Écrits et travaux de cinéma. Notes sur une évolution en risque d’être méjugée », in Europe (numéro spécial Benjamin Fondane), Mars 1998, pp. 161-169.

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Published

2016-03-30

How to Cite

POP-CURŞEU, I. (2016). Benjamin Fondane et Walter Benjamin : deux approches du cinéma nourries de Dada. Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Dramatica, 61(1), 9–23. Retrieved from https://studia.reviste.ubbcluj.ro/index.php/subbdramatica/article/view/4483

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