DETERMINATION OF OPTIMAL EXTRACTION PARAMETERS OF POLYPHENOLS FROM FORSYTHIA EUROPAEA DEGEN & BALD. BLOOM USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY

Abstract

The study was designed to examine the influence of ethanol and acetone solvent concentration, extraction time (45-135 min) and extraction technique: maceration and ultrasound extraction on the extraction of total phenolics and flavonoids from petals of Forsythia europaea Degen & Bald. The highest content of total phenolics in the extracts was obtained using the pure ethanol and acetone in both the extraction processes. The differences in the content of total phenols in different compositions of the mixture for the extraction are the results of different polarities of the applied solvent systems. When ethanol solutions were used for the extraction, the optimum conditions for the extraction of phenols and flavonoids from dried petals by maceration and ultrasound extraction from F. europaea were 135 min and 100% ethanol. In the case of acetone solvent system, the optimum conditions for the extraction by maceration were 135 min and 98.07% acetone and for the ultrasound extraction 135 min and 88.76% acetone. The optimum conditions for the extraction of flavonoids when the acetone solvent system was used, by maceration and ultrasound extraction were 135 min and 77.95 % acetone. Obviously, ultrasonic extraction was less time consuming, and it requires for all performed extractions solvent with less percentage of acetone.